|
|
1
|
|
The Ethernet Routing Switch 8600
|
|
|
1.1
|
|
Hardware of the ERS 8600
|
|
|
1.1.1
|
|
Processor Card for the ERS 8600
|
|
|
1.2
|
|
Modules for the ERS 8600
|
|
|
1.2.1
|
|
The ATM Module 8672ATME
|
|
|
1.3
|
|
Redundant Hardware Configuration
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2
|
|
Management in Switched Networks
|
|
|
2.1
|
|
Management Tools for the ERS 8600
|
|
|
2.1.1
|
|
The Command Line Interface (CLI)
|
|
|
2.1.2
|
|
The Device Manager
|
|
|
2.2
|
|
The Boot Sequence
|
|
|
2.3
|
|
The Flash/PCMCIA File System
|
|
|
2.4
|
|
The Basic Configuration
|
|
|
2.4.1
|
|
Assigning System Names
|
|
|
2.4.2
|
|
Assigning Passwords
|
|
|
2.4.3
|
|
Configuration of Date and Time
|
|
|
2.4.4
|
|
Working with Files
|
|
|
2.5
|
|
Management of the ERS 8600
|
|
|
2.5.1
|
|
The Management VLAN
|
|
|
2.5.2
|
|
Configuration of Remote Management
|
|
|
2.5.3
|
|
Management Access Policies
|
|
|
2.5.4
|
|
The Syslog Feature
|
|
|
2.5.5
|
|
SSH—The Secure Shell
|
|
|
2.6
|
|
Simple Network Management Protocol—SNMP
|
|
|
2.6.1
|
|
The Working Mode of SNMP
|
|
|
2.6.2
|
|
An Example: Inquiry of a Routing Table
|
|
|
2.6.3
|
|
Switched Networks Monitoring
|
|
|
2.7
|
|
SNMPv3—An Overview
|
|
|
2.7.1
|
|
The Application of SNMPv3
|
|
|
2.8
|
|
Configuration of SNMPv3
|
|
|
2.9
|
|
Troubleshooting
|
|
|
2.9.1
|
|
Typical Errors
|
|
|
2.9.2
|
|
Systematic Network Analysis
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3
|
|
Ethernet and IEEE 802.3 CSMA/CD
|
|
|
3.1
|
|
Ethernet Variants
|
|
|
3.1.1
|
|
Fast Ethernet
|
|
|
3.1.2
|
|
Gigabit Ethernet
|
|
|
3.1.3
|
|
Configuration of Interfaces
|
|
|
3.2
|
|
Troubleshooting in Ethernet Networks
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4
|
|
Virtual LANs
|
|
|
4.1
|
|
Defining Virtual LANs
|
|
|
4.1.1
|
|
Application in In-House Networks
|
|
|
4.1.2
|
|
VLANs in Multilayer Networks
|
|
|
4.2
|
|
Port-Based VLANs
|
|
|
4.2.1
|
|
Port-Based VLANs
|
|
|
4.3
|
|
VLAN Trunk Protocols
|
|
|
4.3.1
|
|
Standard IEEE 802.1Q
|
|
|
4.3.2
|
|
Typical VLAN Configuration Errors
|
|
|
4.4
|
|
Configuration on the ERS
|
|
|
4.5
|
|
TCP/IP—The Number 1
|
|
|
4.5.1
|
|
IP Addresses
|
|
|
4.5.2
|
|
Address Resolution
|
|
|
4.5.3
|
|
Routing in the TCP/IP World
|
|
|
4.6
|
|
Inter-VLAN Routing
|
|
|
4.6.1
|
|
Layer-3 Switching
|
|
|
4.6.2
|
|
Redundancy and Load Sharing
|
|
|
4.6.3
|
|
Configuration of Inter-VLAN Routing
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
5
|
|
Redundancy Concepts
|
|
|
5.1
|
|
Proprietary Redundancy Concepts ERS 8600
|
|
|
5.1.1
|
|
MultiLink Trunking (MLT)
|
|
|
5.1.2
|
|
Split MultiLink Trunking (SMLT)
|
|
|
5.1.3
|
|
Routed Split MLT (RSMLT)
|
|
|
5.2
|
|
The Spanning Tree Protocol
|
|
|
5.2.1
|
|
Operation Mode of STP
|
|
|
5.2.2
|
|
Tuning the STP Parameters
|
|
|
5.2.3
|
|
Independent VLAN Spanning Tree
|
|
|
5.2.4
|
|
Configuration of the STP
|
|
|
5.3
|
|
Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP)
|
|
|
5.3.1
|
|
Configuration of the VRRP
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
6
|
|
OSPF—The Recommended IGP
|
|
|
6.1
|
|
Theoretical Basics
|
|
|
6.1.1
|
|
OSPF: The Packet Types
|
|
|
6.1.2
|
|
The Exchange of Hellos
|
|
|
6.1.3
|
|
OSPF Graphs
|
|
|
6.1.4
|
|
The DR/BDR Concept
|
|
|
6.1.5
|
|
Synchronization and Reliable Flooding
|
|
|
6.2
|
|
Case Study: 1-Area Scenario
|
|
|
6.3
|
|
The Area Philosophy
|
|
|
6.3.1
|
|
Router Types
|
|
|
6.3.2
|
|
Interpretation of the OSPF Database
|
|
|
6.3.3
|
|
AS External Links
|
|
|
6.3.4
|
|
Summary Links ASBR
|
|
|
6.4
|
|
Add-On Configurations
|
|
|
6.4.1
|
|
Virtual Links
|
|
|
6.4.2
|
|
Stub Areas
|
|
|
6.4.3
|
|
Not-so-Stubby Area (NSSA)
|
|
|
6.5
|
|
The Configuration of the OSPF
|
|
|
6.5.1
|
|
Configuration of Route Policies
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
7
|
|
IP Multicasting with IGMP and PIM
|
|
|
7.1
|
|
Switching in Multicast Environments
|
|
|
7.1.1
|
|
Multicasting
|
|
|
7.2
|
|
Tasks of the End Device
|
|
|
7.2.1
|
|
IGMPv1 and IGMPv2
|
|
|
7.2.2
|
|
IGMP Snooping
|
|
|
7.3
|
|
IGMP Configuration on the ERS 8600
|
|
|
7.3.1
|
|
IGMP Fast Leave Mode
|
|
|
7.3.2
|
|
IGMP Multicast Access Control
|
|
|
7.3.3
|
|
IGMP Snooping
|
|
|
7.4
|
|
Multicast Routing Concepts
|
|
|
7.4.1
|
|
Problems: Non-Routable Addresses
|
|
|
7.4.2
|
|
Reverse Path Tree (RPT)
|
|
|
7.4.3
|
|
Source-Based Tree (SBT)
|
|
|
7.4.4
|
|
Shared Tree
|
|
|
7.5
|
|
PIM Dense Mode
|
|
|
7.6
|
|
PIM Sparse Mode
|
|
|
7.6.1
|
|
The Protocol
|
|
|
7.6.2
|
|
The Routing Table
|
|
|
7.7
|
|
PIM-SM Configuration on the ERS 8600
|
|
|
7.7.1
|
|
PIM-SM Interface Configuration
|
|
|
7.7.2
|
|
Candidate RP
|
|
|
7.7.3
|
|
Display of the Interface Status
|
|
|
7.7.4
|
|
Configuration of Static RPs
|
|
|
7.7.5
|
|
Configuration of Multicast Routes
|
|
|
7.7.6
|
|
PIM-SM Troubleshooting
|
|
|
7.8
|
|
PIM Source-Specific Multicast
|
|
|
7.8.1
|
|
PIM-SSM Configuration
|
|
|
7.8.2
|
|
IGMPv3
|
|
|
7.8.3
|
|
IGMP-SSM Configuration
|
|
|
7.8.4
|
|
IGMP-SSM Channel Configuration
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
8
|
|
Quality of Service and IP Traffic Filter
|
|
|
8.1
|
|
Requirements of VoIP
|
|
|
8.1.1
|
|
Delay
|
|
|
8.1.2
|
|
Jitter
|
|
|
8.1.3
|
|
Packet Loss
|
|
|
8.1.4
|
|
Delay Analysis
|
|
|
8.2
|
|
What Is Quality of Service?
|
|
|
8.3
|
|
Nortel Service Classes and Prioritization According to IEEE802.1p
|
|
|
8.4
|
|
IEEE 802.1Q and 802.1p
|
|
|
8.5
|
|
DiffServ Field and DSCP
|
|
|
8.6
|
|
Classes of Service and Per-Hop Behavior
|
|
|
8.6.1
|
|
Expedited Forwarding
|
|
|
8.6.2
|
|
Assured Forwarding
|
|
|
8.7
|
|
Queueing on the ERS 8600
|
|
|
8.7.1
|
|
Priority-Queueing and WRR
|
|
|
8.7.2
|
|
ERS 8600 QoS Configuration
|
|
|
8.7.3
|
|
Policing
|
|
|
8.7.4
|
|
Shaping
|
|
|
8.8
|
|
Configuration of IP Traffic Filters (Legacy Systems)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
