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1
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And There Was Light
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1.1
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The World Today—Growth and Limits
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1.1.1
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Traffic Streams
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1.1.2
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Technical Limitations
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1.2
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Light—Interesting Facts about Fiber Optics
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1.2.1
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Light and Light Propagation
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1.2.2
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Attenuation and Optical Windows
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1.2.3
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Dispersion
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1.2.4
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Optical Interfaces
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1.2.5
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Backscattering Measurement Using OTDR
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1.3
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LASER—In the Focus of Interest
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1.3.1
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Overview of Important LASER Types
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1.3.2
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Tunable LASERs and their Application
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1.4
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Optical Amplifiers—The Power of Light
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1.4.1
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Rare Earth Elements for Common Use
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1.4.2
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Application Examples
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2
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Optical Transmission—High-Speed Technologies
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2.1
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High-Speed in LANs and WANs
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2.1.1
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Gigabit and 10 Gigabit Ethernet
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2.1.2
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SDH with 10 and 40 Gbps
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2.2
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Solitons—The Philosopher’s Stone?
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2.2.1
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The Principle
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2.2.2
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Successes and Disadvantages when Using Solitons
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2.3
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DWDM—Principle and Technology
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2.3.1
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Important Advantages
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2.3.2
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Setup of a WDM Mux
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2.3.3
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Channel Separation with DWDM
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2.3.4
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An Insight into Measuring
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2.4
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DWDM—Practical Application
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2.4.1
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Connection to Routers
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2.4.2
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Data Communications in the Campus Area
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2.4.3
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DWDM in the LAN
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2.4.4
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DWDM in the MAN
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2.4.5
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Pros and Cons—Disadvantages of WDM
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2.5
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The World of Optical Fibers
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2.5.1
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Polymer Fibers—A Cost-Effective Alternative?
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2.5.2
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Optical Fiber Types of the Metro and WAN Area
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2.5.3
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The New Generation: Hollow Fiber
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2.5.4
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Resumé: Who Uses Which Fiber?
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2.5.5
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Network Optimization with Optical Fibers
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3
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Optical Switching—A Wave Goes Its Way
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3.1
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Optical Add/Drop Multiplexers (OADM)
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3.1.1
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Application of OADMs
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3.1.2
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Configurable OADMs
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3.2
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Optical Cross-Connects
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3.2.1
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Application Options
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3.2.2
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Schematic Setup of Optical Cross-Connects
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3.3
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Optical Switches—Various Solutions
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3.3.1
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MEMS—Technical Data
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3.3.2
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Thermo-Optical Switches
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3.3.3
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The Bubble Switch
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3.3.4
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Liquid Crystal Switches
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3.4
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Optical Routers
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3.4.1
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Requirements
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3.4.2
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Approaches
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3.4.3
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Combined Solutions
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3.5
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Optical Transport Networks (OTN) and Digital Wrapper
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4
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Optical Networks—Wavelengths all over the World
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4.1
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Optical Networks in Practical Application
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4.1.1
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DWDM Networks
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4.1.2
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Transparent Optical Networks—Wavelength Path Routing
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4.1.3
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The Future—Virtual Wavelength Path Routing
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4.1.4
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MPLS and Optical Networks
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4.1.5
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Alone in the Dark? —Optical Protection Concepts
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4.1.6
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Dedicated Protection
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4.1.7
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Shared Protection
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4.1.8
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Unidirectional and Bidirectional Rings
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4.1.9
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MS Shared Protection
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4.1.10
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All-Optical Protection Mechanisms
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4.1.11
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Future World—Satellite Networks
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4.1.12
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Heaven on Earth?
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4.1.13
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Reading the Stars
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